NATURAL DISASTERS AND INTERNALLY DISPLACED POPULATION IN INDIA: AN ANALYSIS FROM IDMC DATA
The frequent climatic hazards are the foremost factor for internal displacement in India, which is ranked first among the South Asian countries. This article intends to examine the temporal change and spatial distribution of internally displaced people due to different natural disasters in India using a globally representative data set of the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC). The Eastern, North-eastern and Southern region are worst affected due to frequent natural hazards and displaced millions of populations. More specifically, we argue that flood is a leading cause of internal displacement in India. Furthermore, the spatial pattern of the reason behind displacement significantly varied with space in India. The seasonal variability of monsoon wind-related atmospheric disturbances increases the frequency of floods and cyclones in India, and huge loss in terms of cropland, cattle, and human life in Odisha, West Bengal of Eastern India, Assam in North-east and Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu in Southern states and is positively associated with huge displacement in India.
Keywords: Displacement, IDP, Flood, Cyclone, Natural disaster, Regions, India.
A FOLKLORISTICS AND ETHNOGRAPHIC APPROACH TO STUDY OF HISTORY AND PRESENT STATUS OF THE VADDERAS OF VURUMODLA VILLAGE IN TELANGANA
Vadderas, a denotified tribe i.e., tribes who were branded as born criminals through the Criminal Tribes Act of 1871 and after the independence were renamed as Denotified residing in the combined state of Andhra Pradesh are well known for their stone-cutting and soil-digging skills. They were praised as a community who were responsible for quenching the thirst of people for generations through their well-digging skills. They were also known to have constructed roads and laid down railway lines during the colonial rule of the British. The Vadderas folklore talks about them being rulers once upon a time. The oral tradition also gives information about their ruling past based on the information collected in the village through in-depth interviews. At present, the Vadderas are one of the most downtrodden communities present in the Telugu states, especially in the state of Telangana. This paper talks about their believed history and their present livelihood through the data collected from the village named Vurumodla in the state of Telangana, India.
Keywords: Vadderas, Denotified tribes, Folklore, Oral tradition, Stone-cutting, Soil-digging.
TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORE COMPONENTS IN THE LITHIC ASSEMBLAGES OF BARGARH UPLAND
Analysis of lithic components of an archaeological site is carried out basically to determine the typological and technological attributes of artefacts. From these attributes we can infer the economic behaviour of prehistoric man. Within the assemblages recovered from a prehistoric site, core components form an important artifact category. These are particular kinds of lithic artefacts which usually generate flakes, blades or bladelets that can be further retouched to use as tools. Archaeologists consider analysis of core artefacts as significant to evaluate the range of roles that such artefacts may have played in the past cultural setting. To have a better understanding over the strategy of raw materials procurement, tool production techniques, stages of shaping, retouching, discard and other economic behaviour of prehistoric man, it is imperative to study the typo-technological features of cores components of lithic assemblages as it gives us clues to sketch human mind. Certainly there is variation in types and raw materials but each specimen represents the cultural characteristics of the maker. The present paper deals with the technological aspects of core components of recently discovered microlithic settlements of Bargarh upland in western part of Odisha.
Keywords: Core, Flake, Chert, Bargarh upland, Microlith, Retouching.
DISABILITY AND RIGHT TO EDUCATION ACT IN INDIA: A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Persons with disabilities especially children continue to be one of the most disadvantaged groups in all societies. They are not only subjected to social discrimination but at the same time have very limited work opportunities. With the changing trends and with the passing of the Right to Education Act 2009 which entitles a non-discriminatory compulsory education for all, some changes in the educational trends have surfaced.
Keywords: Disability, Inclusion, Home-Based Education, Right to Education Act
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