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This research employs structuration theory (ST) as the theoretical framework to examine the interaction between management accounting practices and sustainable corporate social responsibility (CSR). The results confirm that structuration theory recognizes that firm structures can influence human actors’ behavior. Simultaneously human actors can reshape the firm structure based on modalities which are interpretive schemes, facility or resources, and norms. So, this theory sheds light on the role of agents’ action as a crucial element in the successful implementation of management accounting practices which is ignored. Further more, this research pointed out the various effects of the different structures that were proliferated from the interaction between management accounting practices and CSR on the financial statements presented in the annual report of the target company which is subject for the case study, during the years 2017-2019. Hence, it reflects the real impact of these structures have on financial numbers.

Keywords: Structuration Theory, Corporate Social Responsibility, Management Accounting Practices, Performance Measurement, KPIs.

Financial inclusion entails access of the populace to financial services to tackle poverty, improve welfare and general standard of living; which consequently promote economic growth. Due to this linkage, financial inclusion has assumed a critical development policy priority in many countries, particularly in developing economies like Nigeria. Although financial inclusion has a sound theoretical backing, most empirical works as to whether it impact on economic growth in Nigeria still remains uncertain due to contrasting results  found as well as the prevailing worsening poverty, unemployment, inflation, high interest rate and large unbanked rural economy. On that premise, the study investigated the long run impact of financial inclusion on economic growth in Nigeria between 1980 and 2019. Using annual time series data in an Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model, the findings shows a negative impact of high interest rate, high price level and poor credit access by the private sector on economic growth during the study period. On that note, the Central Bank of Nigeria was urged to reach out to the Nigerian producers at a subsidized cost to encourage local production and also implement very urgently policy reforms aimed at reducing the official cost of borrowing (interest rate) in Nigeriaso as to encourage local productivity.

Keywords: Financial Inclusion, Economic Growth, ARDL, Nigeria

JEL Classification: E4, E44, & E65

This study investigated the relationship between Pioneer Status incentives and financial performance of listed agribusinesses in Nigeria. There are divergent views among scholars as to the benefit of the Pioneer Status incentives. This study sought to evaluate the relationship between the independent variable, Pioneer Status incentives, proxied by tax holiday, and the dependent variable, financial performance, measured by net profit margin and return on equity of listed agribusinesses in Nigeria. Primary data were obtained from the published audited financial statements of the five listed agribusinesses in Nigeria, according to the records of the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The data were collected and analysed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Specifically, descriptive statistical tools were used to assess the frequency of the study variables. To test the null hypotheses, regression analyses were performed to determine the effects of the explanatory variable on the dependent variables. It was established that tax holiday has a direct positive relationship with net profit margin and return on equity of listed agribusinesses in Nigeria. The study recommended that the Nigerian government should continue to strengthen its tax policy to properly administer the Pioneer Status incentives to companies in the agribusiness sector in Nigeria. And that other militating factors such as poor infrastructural development and power supply should be addressed so that the full benefit of the Pioneer Status incentives can be enjoyed.

Keywords: Agribusinesses, Pioneer Status, tax holiday, net profit margin, return on equity.

This study examined the impact of external debt management on economic growth of Nigeria. This study has used annual time series data collected over the period of 33 years (1986 – 2018). The data for the study were collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin annual report. The variables on which data were collected include: real gross domestic product, external debt, external debt service, balance of payment and exchange rate. Data were analyzed using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) multiple regression analysis. It proceeded with descriptive statistics; Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test, co-integration test and Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). The study revealed that the impact of external debt management on economic growth of Nigeria over the period under review was statistically significant with external debt, external debt service payment and balance of payment but statistically insignificant with exchange rate. The study recommended that governments should establish and adopt an optimal balance between external debt acquisition and application /allocation of the acquired funds to productive projects for the purpose of making a high output and a steady economic growth. The management should live up to expectation by encouraging efficient commitment of borrowed funds to productive projects so as to comply with debt serving agreement and outright payments, measures such as improving exports should be implemented to ensure that local currencies are stable.

Keywords: External Debt, External Debt Management, External Debt Service Payment, Balance of Payment, Exchange Rate, Economic Growth.

Civic Action Programme (CAP) is a Central Sector Scheme which is meant for welfare of border population including people residing in North East (NE) region. The study uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in order to measure the efficiency of four Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) implementing CAP in NE Region from the financial year 2015-16 to 2019-20. The empirical findings reveal that the CAPFs conducts programme at 71.21% of overall technical efficiency score i.e. output could be increased up to 28.79% without changing the input. Total programmes have more than doubled in the last five years, from 411 during 2015-16 to 842 during 2019-20. The scheme is inclusive in terms of participation of women, Schedule Case (SC), Schedule Tribe (ST), Other Backward Classes (OBC) and rural coverage. Strength of the programme are: only programme that bridges the gap between civilians and armed forces; promotes humanitarian approach; works in difficult terrain; promotes peace and harmony; receives overwhelming support from civilians; reduces feeling of alienation of inhabitants of border population; and counters false propaganda of anti-peace elements. In addition, the Ministry of Home Affairs may consider to strengthen the scheme further by additional allocation of financial resources coupled with improved outreach, giving more autonomy to ground level CAPFs for selection of programmes, widening the ambit of the programme and including civilians’ training for recruitment as part of CAP.

Keywords: civic action programme, central armed police force, insurgency, data envelopment analysis, CCR output-oriented model, technical efficiency.

JEL Classification: C61, C67, D57, D61, J18.

Various researchers document change of volatility, widening of spread, increase cost of negotiations due to imposition of ticks as internal market regulatory instrument. We argue in this paper, that essentially imposition of ticks does not affect market quality. We test effect of ticks on price perception Korean Stock Futures on the return of Kospi 200 Index futures using 1-minute data of uptick and downtick. We build up two proxy measures that mimic market direction and speed of price change. We show that neither of these measures emits any effective signal which would help the investor in forming their price perception. We further document insignificant relationship between return and both these measures. The evidences on informational content of ticks tend to establish that ticks cannot be used as a signaling device for making additional return. All the evidences put in this paper tend to support our contentions that tick is unimportant for market moderation.

Keywords: Tick, Index Futures, high frequency data, uptick minus downtick, uptick plus down tick, regression analysis.

JEL Classification: G1