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This study explores the impact of sovereign Green, Social and Sustainability (GSS) bonds on sustainable development pillars; economic, environmental, and social. The study uses panel data as well as cross-country analysis on a sample of 26 countries over a period from 2018-2021. Using fixed effect panel regression, the results provide strong evidence for a favorable impact of GSS bonds on the economic development pillar. However, a negative impact was recorded for the environmental and social development pillars since combating climate change and improving the well-being of individuals in the society needs longer time to reap the benefits. Our study has important practical implications for policy makers and sheds new light for financial managers in firms with financial constraints.

Keywords: Climate change, Carbon Emissions, sovereign GSS Bonds, SDGs, Sustainability.

JEL Classifications: F63, F64, G29, O16, O40, Q56

The study investigated the relationship between internet adoption and labour demand in Nigeria. The General Method of Moment estimation technique was adopted to analyse quarterly secondary data (1999 to 2020) that were gotten from International Labour Statistics (ILOSTAT) database (2020) and world development indicators (2021). The study found that there has been significant increase in internet adoption and a significant decrease in labour demand in Nigeria overtime. Furthermore, internet adoption has a significant positive relationship with labour demand in the agricultural, industrial and services sectors in Nigeria. Meanwhile, institutional quality measured by government effectiveness ensures gender parity in the demand for labour in Nigeria. This implies that if the government of Nigeria is very effective in this discharge of its fundamental responsibilities, labour demand in Nigeria will not be gender biased. The study further asserted that free flow of information via the use of the internet can lead to easy dissemination of information that can aid production and lead to employment.

Keywords: Digital Era, Endogenous Theory, Government Effectiveness, Institutional Quality, Romer’s Model

Economic growth not only entails social changes but also brings about demographic changes through declining fertility and mortality rates. Population growth mainly depends on household fertility decisions and human capital investments including healthcare and nutritional aspects. This paper analyses the determinants of demand for children by households in India. The data is derived from the 2011-2012 Second India Human Development Survey. Since the number of children born to a household is a count data, the Poisson regression method is used in the empirical analysis. The estimates of Poisson regression show that the age and employment of women, and household income have positive effects while female education and household urban residence have a negative effect on the number of children a household has in India.

Keywords: Household fertility decision, number of children, count data, Poisson regression

The present study provides valuable insights into the complex dynamics of infrastructure development within the state. By identifying key factors contributing to disparities and proposing policy recommendations, the study contributes to efforts aimed
at promoting inclusive and sustainable development in Punjab. This study evaluated the relative performance of 22 districts of the state of Punjab in terms of infrastructural development at different points in time (1991, 2001, 2019). Twenty-one indicators of infrastructural facilities have been used in this study, and a composite index has been constructed with the help of the Wroclow Taxonomic Method to identify the development of the districts. There are enormous inter-district variations in infrastructural development, and districts near Grant Trunk Road are more developed in infrastructural facilities. The results of the study suggested that the policy formulation of the state government could be made based on resource potentials and the level of development of the districts. The infrastructural variations could be reduced by equally lifting the districts in infrastructural development.

Keywords: Infrastructural development, regional disparities, growth and equality, performance

JEL: R58, O10, O18, R1, R11

The study aims to examine how arable land use, global value chain participation, and agricultural product competitiveness impact the commodity terms of trade stability for Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The panel fixed effects model chosen for the study can produce individual-specific time-invariant effects. The study used FGLS (Feasible Generalised Least Squares) to rectify heteroskedasticity and serial correlation.  The findings revealed a significance for focus variables of the study such as arable land use, and global value chain participation in the short run when estimated using the fixed effects model and Feasible Generalised Least Squares during the study period. The study poses the question of resource constraints and the return of the scenarios postulated by Prebisch and Singer due to the loss of sustainable agriculture. This will put their competitiveness in agriculture in reverse gear. The study sheds new light on these dynamics using a unique competitiveness index such as the Lafay trade specialisation index. Understanding the relationships between land use, competitiveness and terms of trade will lead to the framing of better policies to ensure food security.

Keywords: Arable land, Competitiveness, Fixed Effects, Agriculture trade, Terms of trade