Purpose: The purpose of this empirical research is to develop a new model, namely service loyalty in Urban Healthcare Services in India for the measurement of service quality. Design/Methodology/Approach: Data were collected by means of structured questionnaire comprising eleven Sections. The sampling procedure used for the study was stratified random sampling. The stratification has been done based on the Tamilnadu in India, non-probabilistic convenience and judgmental sampling technique was used. However, within such state, the respondents were selected by stratified random sampling. Findings: The government and private stakeholders need not competent each other in healthcare Sector. They must create their own niche market. This is possible only under non price competition especially consistent development of their service quality and delivery of the customized service. The study reveals that patients’ satisfaction is most significant predictor of healthcare service sector. Practical implications: In several parts of India, civil society organisations have played a pioneering role in developing community health programmes. The process of community participation that has started needs to be strengthened with a shift of much greater share of promotive and preventive work to community-level institutions and functionaries. The support from these NGOs should be broad based in the twelfth five-year plan. Originality/value: The model described in this empirical research will assist Healthcare Services when mapping the level of service quality and thereby enhance the same.

Keywords: Modelling, Mediating Effects, Healthcare Service Loyalty, Patient Satisfaction, Economics Service Quality, India and Service Quality assurance.

In simple term Climate change we mean that an increase of temperature in the atmosphere and or decline in rainfall. Climate change is having an increasingly unprecedented effect on human lives. Economies are affected severely in terms of sovereign risk due to climate change variations influencing the macro economy. Climate Change Variable = Climate Vulnerability Index and Climate Resilience Index where Climate Resilience comprises of Social Readiness Risk Indicators , Economic risk Indicators, Governance risk Indicators. This paper explores the relationship between climate change and economic growth of India. ARDL Bounds Test for Cointegration, Vector Error Correction Models, Diagnostic checking etc techniques are used in this study as research tools. This study finds that both in the short and long run climate vulnerability negatively affects gdp growth in India. Therefore climate change has become a matter of apprehension not only for the government of India alone but for all of us since everyone directly or indirectly affected by lower gdp growth.

Keywords: Climate Change, Climate Vulnerability, Climate Resilience, ARDL Bound Cointegration

The inland and marine fishery are important in the Alappuzha district of Kerala. However, the riverine and brackish water fishery is the prime source of livelihood of the fishers of this region.This ecosystem is the Centre place of Vembanad Wetland Ecosystem with considerably rich biodiversity and hence the area forms the hub of riverine fishing and therefore, faces severe overfishing and depletion. This might have annulled the life and livelihood of the dependent fishing community.The article uses primary survey data of fishermen from the fishing villages of three places of two panchayaths and one places of Alappuzha district viz. Aroor, Arookutty and Andhakaranazhy using multi-stage stratified random sampling method, with which all these panchayaths are adjacent to the Vembanad Ecosystem. The sample size for the study encompasses 250 each from the three inland fishing village. The study gives the inference that the issues are manifold, the major triggering factors are debt burden, dependence on money lenders, dwindling nature of earnings, tourism-based pollution and other unsustainable implications.

Keywords: Inland Fishery, Fishermen, Perception, Resource Depletion, Ecosystem, Livelihood

This paper examines the effects of interest rates on portfolio investment in Nigeria, using annual time series data over the period 1986-2021. However, as it is reported by the unit root test there is a mixture of 1(0) and 1(1) order of cointegration. This implies the condition for the adoption Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound test developed by Pesaran, Shin, and Smith (2001) are met and the study further proceeds to conduct co-integration and error correction tests to find out the short-run and long-run effects of interest rate on portfolio investments in Nigeria. In this connection, the result of the analyses shows that interest rate has a positive and significant effect on portfolio investment in both the short and long run. This implies that an increase in the interest rate causes an increase in portfolio investment in Nigeria over the study period. Therefore, this study calls for better management of interest rates so as to increase portfolio investment across the Nigerian economy.

Keywords: Portfolio investment, Interest rate, Inflation rate, exchange rate, and Real GDP

The accumulation of external debt, along with its repayment conditions, has placed developing nations, like Ghana and other African countries, in an unfavourable fiscal situation. This study builds on earlier research in this area by looking into the connection between Ghana’s external debt and the country’s GDP performance. It does this by also looking at other macroeconomic variables, like inflation, unemployment, and gross national income, which could also affect GDP performance, and by using data from the most recent year to reflect the current state of the economy. The secondary data was collected annually for this research work, spanning from 1990 to 2022, via the World Bank. A Johansen cointegration, VAR model, and VECM were applied for the analysis of the data collected in this study. The result of the analysis carried out in this study shows that there is a significant association among GDP performance, external debt, inflation, unemployment, and GNI in both the short run and the long run. The findings also show that external debt in the short and long run has a detrimental effect on Ghana’s GDP performance, indicating that an increase in external debt contributes to a decline in Ghana’s GDP performance. Consequently, the government should increase the country’s productivity and utilise the external debt for infrastructural development that will enhance national revenue generation and mitigate further borrowing in the future that will impede the country’s GDP performance.

Keywords: External Debt, GDP Performance, Johansen Cointegration, VECM.