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Indian automobile industry is one of the big and considered as quick developing industry within the world. For developing this sector, automakers have started investing in this sector. Performance of selected companies of automobile industry in equity has been analyzed in this paper. Each person continuously needs to urge return on his speculations since speculator makes the speculations from the difficult earned reserve funds. There are different plans of speculation like value, subordinates, bonds and more but among all equity market is one of the most excellent alternative for each speculator because it gives great return but each venture plans have chance included in them, value advertise too have hazard. Since the value showcase includes exceptionally hazard so, it is critical for each speculator to do value examination that makes a difference. In this viewpoint, a ponder is conducted to analyze the equity shares of companies within the vehicle industry. So the ponder on value investigation of this Sector guide offer assistance the potential financial specialists in taking levelheaded choice. The time period taken in this research is from 2015 to 2020. To ponder the vehicle division stocks 10 vehicle companies have been taken into thought. From this investigation, it is concluded that the Bajaj Auto Ltd has moo beta (0.839781) so it is less unsafe to contribute. Tata have tall beta (1.349615) than other companies but gives negative return (-0.001724). Among of all company Bajaj Auto and TVS Engines are best companies to contribute since its beta esteem is less than one and they too have positive return. Maruti can be great choice because it has beta esteem more than one but less than Tata conjointly has positive return.

Keywords: Risk, Return Analysis, Equity.

Efficient market theory states that the market responds to the negative and positive shocks symmetrically. In reality, the market exhibit asymmetric response to the negative shocks over the positive shocks, this is called information asymmetry. The concept of leverage effects states that market is highly volatile during the arrival of negative shocks than the positive shocks. The standard GARCH model failed to capture leverage effect into its variance equation. This has been done by incorporating longer memory process into the variance equation of the EGARCH and TGARCH models. The paper focused on identifying the leverage effect in Indian stock market by studying the volatility of selected indices for a period of 6 years. The results accept the presence of information asymmetry and the models were failed in some extent to identify the presence of a strong leverage effect.

Key words: Leverage effect, Information Asymmetry, GARCH Model, EGARCH MODEL, TGARCH MODEL

The rural population of India is primarily depended on agriculture for their livelihood. Due to improper rain, rural people cannot get employment in all the days of the year and sometimes they cannot get even reward for their hard labour by the agriculture, by this they face the problem poverty and unemployment and these two issues decrease the standard of living of the rural people and also impact on future of the children. In order to protect the rural people from the poverty and unemployment and improve the standard of living of the rural people the Government of India has passed Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) in 2005, it is a Law and a Social Security Measure to improve the security of livelihood of the rural people. Already it has implemented in all the states and Union Territories of India among them Karnataka is also one of the States. Here, this study throws light on the progress of MGNREGA in Karnataka by exhibiting a brief picture about highlights of MGNREGA, approved budget, number of households completed 100 days, works taken-up, works on going, works completed, availability of funds, expenditures, etc.

Key Words: Approved Budget, Works taken-up, Ongoing, Completed, Funds, Expenditures.

The Demonetization notification by the India Government on 8th November 2016had serious impact on many sections of the population whose major source of the study examines, trade and livelihood dependent on cash. The middle and below poverty line people are the one who were affected by this action. To reduce corruption or black money this is not the only tool, the policies which Government suggests must be for the people’s welfare and should not be a disaster. Hence the current paper attempts to reveal the impact of demonetization on consumer and producer who are the main players of the economy. The opinion of common people and bank employees are regarding demonetization is collected with the help of a questioner. Required data are sourced from RBI and Economic survey, for which percentage methods, data visualization technique, and qualitative analysis is used and the policy suggestions are drawn based on the findings.

Key words: Costumer protection, data visualization technique, Demonetization, Government policy, India, qualitative analysis.

In Bangladesh participation of rural gender in livestock farming is not new but it has not acted upon accordingly. This study attempt to identify the factors which influences rural gender income and overall social status after participation in livestock production, their contribution to the livestock and their empowerment status. The research has conducted in three villages of Satkhira district in Bangladesh. Initially each 25 respondents had been selected purposively engaged in homestead gardening, goat & poultry and beef & dairy farming respectively. Total 75 respondents from study areas were selected purposively. The quantitative data were collected by interviewing 75 respondents through household survey. The quantitative analytical tools used to attain specific objectives included various descriptive statistics, multiple regression analysis, Pearson correlation, WEI, PCI and again qualitative analysis influenced by the economic advancement. In accordance with the results of OLS educational level of gender, farm size, experience, training have positive influence on rural gender income and these variables were statistically significant. And household size, credit received have positive effect but these are not statistically significant. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that age, education, farm size, savings, household expenditure, training received, farming experience have positive correlation with rural gender income, while credit has negative correlation with rural women income and family member has positive correlation respondent’s income but not these two variables are statistically significant with income. Considering agricultural livestock activities showed that women were not empowered in taking decision while women were empowered in taking non-agricultural decision in the study area. The qualitative analysis showed that gender participated in livestock faming mainly to increase income and to enhance self-respect. Finally gender has an important role in active economically participation in livestock production assist them to overcome prejudice, socio-economic countercheck and highest empowerment acquirement in the context of Bangladesh.

Key Words: Gender Role Livestock Production.

One of the major important macroeconomic objectives is to ensure stable money supply. this is because increase in money supply may cause inflation. This paper analyses the impact of changes in money supply on price shocks in Nigeria. The study makes use of annual data from 1987 to 2018 to test the relationships between the variables. The short-run and long run relationships were analyzed using Autoregressive distributed lags (ARDL) framework. The study also revealed that there is co-integration and long-run relationship between the variables over the study period. The result of our analyses also shows that broad money supply has positive and significant impact on price shocks at 1% level of significance at both short run and long run level. This implies that increase in money supply causes inflation in Nigeria over the study period. Also, the result of the study coincides with the classical quantity theory of money that stated that doubling the money stock will lead to doubling of the price level since transaction (T) and money velocity (V) do not change. Based on the results, the study recommend that policy makers should take adequate policy measures that would moderate broad money supply and boost productivity in order to reduce inflation rate in Nigerian economy.

Keywords: Broad money supply; Inflation rate; and Real GDP.

JEL classification: E52, G18

The present study was carried out to estimate the growth rate of area to measure the contribution of different components to the growth rate of finger millet in India during the last six decades i.e. from 1950-51 to 2011-17. Area under finger millet registered positive growth during 1950-51 to 1980-81 and negative growth subsequently. This is due to Green Revolution which was initiated in 1960s by introducing high yielding varieties of rice and wheat to increase food production in order to alleviate hunger and poverty. The production of wheat and rice increased due to the government initiatives after Green Revolution which created an impact on the production of indigenous millet.

Key words: Finger Millet, Green Revolution, Trend, CAGR.